iOS-NSAttributedString属性关键字

2024-08-21 17:48
文章标签 属性 关键字 ios nsattributedstring

本文主要是介绍iOS-NSAttributedString属性关键字，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

1.获取系统字体

var dataArray:[String] = UIFont.familyNames()
中文字体没效果


fontName.jpg

2.关键字

NSAttributedString中的关键字:

keyvalue说明
NSFontAttributeNameUIFont字体名称,大小
NSParagraphStyleAttributeNameNSParagraphStyle段落样式
NSForegroundColorAttributeNameUIColor前景色
NSBackgroundColorAttributeNameUIColor背景色
NSLigatureAttributeNameNSNumber(integer)连体
NSKernAttributeNameNSNumber(float)字符间距
NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeNameNSNumber(integer)删除线
NSStrikethroughColorAttributeNameUIColor删除线颜色
NSUnderlineStyleAttributeNameNSNumber(integer)下划线
NSStrokeColorAttributeNameUIColor描边颜色
NSStrokeWidthAttributeNameNSNumber(float)描边宽度
NSShadowAttributeNameNSShadow阴影
NSTextEffectAttributeNameNSString特殊效果
NSAttachmentAttributeNameNSTextAttachment用于图文混排
NSLinkAttributeNameNSURL链接
NSBaselineOffsetAttributeNameNSNumber(float)上下偏移
NSObliquenessAttributeNameNSNumber(float)倾斜
NSExpansionAttributeNameNSNumber(float)拉伸
NSWritingDirectionAttributeNameNSArray of NSNumbers顺序
NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeNameNSNumber排版

3.例子

UILabel,UITextField,UITextView有attributedText属性,这里使用UITextView来举例
当UITextView添加到UINavigationView时, UITextView顶部会有一段64px偏移,继承于UIScrollView是控件都有这个偏移,需要设置:

self.automaticallyAdjustsScrollViewInsets = false

或者在storyboard中,去掉属性勾选


font18.png 
 @IBOutlet weak var fontTextView: UITextView!
1.字体名称大小,前景,背景
NSFontAttributeName
NSForegroundColorAttributeName
NSBackgroundColorAttributeName
let originString = "NSAttributedString 文本属性关键字"
let font = UIFont(name: "Marker Felt", size: 17)!
let attr = [NSFontAttributeName:font, NSForegroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.redColor(), NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.yellowColor()]
let attrString = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr)

font01.png
2.字符间距
NSKernAttributeName
let originString = "NSAttributedString 文本属性关键"
let attr = [NSKernAttributeName:5]
let attrString = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attire)

font02.png
3.删除线,下划线
删除线
NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName
NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName
let originString = "NSAttributedString 文本属性关键字"
let attr = [NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName:1, NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor()]
let attrString = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr)

NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName的value:
1~7单线,依次加粗
9~15:双线,依次加粗


font03.png

font04.png

font05.png
下划线
NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName
NSUnderlineColorAttributeName

1~7单线,依次加粗
9~15:双线,依次加粗

let originString = "NSAttributedString 文本属性关键字"
let attr = [NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:1, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor()]
let attrString = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr)

font06.png
4.阴影
NSShadowAttributeName
let originString = "NSAttributedString 文本属性关键字"
let shadow = NSShadow()
shadow.shadowColor = UIColor.purpleColor()
shadow.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(5, 5)
shadow.shadowBlurRadius = 2.0
let attr = [NSShadowAttributeName:shadow, NSFontAttributeName: UIFont.systemFontOfSize(20)]
let attrString = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr)
fontTextView.attributedText = attrString;

font07.png
5.链接
NSLinkAttributeName
var originString = "www.google.cn"
let attr = [NSLinkAttributeName: NSURL(string: "http://www.google.cn", NSFontAttributeName: UIFont.systemFontOfSize(15)]
let attrString = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr)
fontTextView.attributedText = attrString;

font09.png


此时链接还不可以点击,在Storyboard中设置fontTextView属性:


font08.png
6.上下偏移
NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName
let originString = "String文本  "
let attrString = NSMutableAttributedString()
let attr01 = [NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName:5, NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:2, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.redColor()]
let attrString01 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr01)
let attr02 = [NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName:0, NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:2, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.yellowColor()]
let attrString02 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr02)
let attr03 = [NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName:-15, NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:2, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.greenColor()]
let attrString03 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr03)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString01)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString02)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString03)
fontTextView.attributedText = attrString

font10.png
7.倾斜
NSObliquenessAttributeName

正值右倾,负值左倾

let originString = "String文本  "
let attrString = NSMutableAttributedString()
let attr01 = [NSObliquenessAttributeName:-1, NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:2, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.redColor()]
let attrString01 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr01)
let attr02 = [NSObliquenessAttributeName:0, NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:2, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.yellowColor()]
let attrString02 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr02)
let attr03 = [NSObliquenessAttributeName:1, NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:2, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.greenColor()]
let attrString03 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr03)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString01)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString02)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString03)
fontTextView.attributedText = attrString

font11.png
8.拉伸
NSExpansionAttributeName
let originString = "String文本  "
let attrString = NSMutableAttributedString()
let attr01 = [NSExpansionAttributeName:-0.5, NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:2, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.redColor()]
let attrString01 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr01)
let attr02 = [NSExpansionAttributeName:0, NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:2, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.yellowColor()]
let attrString02 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr02)
let attr03 = [NSExpansionAttributeName:0.5, NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:2, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.greenColor()]
let attrString03 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr03)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString01)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString02)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString03)
fontTextView.attributedText = attrString

font12.png
9.顺序
NSWritingDirectionAttributeName

值有四种组合

let a1 = [NSWritingDirection.LeftToRight.rawValue|NSWritingDirectionFormatType.Override.rawValue]
let a2 = [NSWritingDirection.LeftToRight.rawValue|NSWritingDirectionFormatType.Embedding.rawValue]
let a3 = [NSWritingDirection.RightToLeft.rawValue|NSWritingDirectionFormatType.Override.rawValue]
let a4 = [NSWritingDirection.RightToLeft.rawValue|NSWritingDirectionFormatType.Embedding.rawValue]

测试后,只有a3将文本顺序倒序了
其他三个可能在和其他属性一起用时有效果,还没有验证.

let originString = "String文本  "
let attr = [NSWritingDirectionAttributeName:a3]
let attrString = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr)
fontTextView.attributedText = attrString

font13.png
10.描边
NSStrokeColorAttributeName
NSStrokeWidthAttributeName //正值中间为镂空效果,负值中间为填充效果
let originString = "String文本\n"
let attrString = NSMutableAttributedString()
let attr01 = [NSStrokeWidthAttributeName:-5, NSStrokeColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.yellowColor(),NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(50), NSForegroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.greenColor(),NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.yellowColor()]
let attrString01 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr01)
let attr02 = [NSStrokeWidthAttributeName:0, NSStrokeColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.yellowColor(),NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(50),NSForegroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.greenColor()]
let attrString02 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr02)
let attr03 = [NSStrokeWidthAttributeName:5, NSStrokeColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.greenColor(),NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(50),NSForegroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.greenColor(), NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.yellowColor()]
let attrString03 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: attr03)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString01)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString02)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString03)
fontTextView.attributedText = attrString

font14.png
11.图文混排
方法一:
let originString01 = "String"
let originString02 = "文本"
let attrString = NSMutableAttributedString()
let attrString01 = NSAttributedString(string: originString01, attributes: [NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(25)])
let attachment = NSTextAttachment()
attachment.image = UIImage(named: "123.jpg")
attachment.bounds = CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 60)
let attrString02 = NSAttributedString(attachment: attachment)
let attrString03 = NSAttributedString(string: originString02, attributes: [NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(25)])
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString01)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString02)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrString03)
fontTextView.attributedText = attrString
方法二
let originString = "String文本"
let attrString = NSMutableAttributedString(string: originString)
let attachment = NSTextAttachment()
attachment.image = UIImage(named: "123.jpg")
attachment.bounds = CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 60)
attrString.addAttributes([NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(25)], range: NSMakeRange(0, originString.characters.count))
let pic = NSAttributedString(attachment: attachment)
attrString.insertAttributedString(pic, atIndex: 6)
fontTextView.attributedText = attrString

font15.png
12.连体
NSLigatureAttributeName

不是所有字符之间都有连体效果,少数几种字体有.
如 Heiti SC 的 fl 和fi之间
0无连体效果,1连体效果

 let originString = "fl  fi\n"
let attrString = NSMutableAttributedString()
let font = UIFont(name: "Heiti SC", size: 30)!
let attrStr01 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: [NSLigatureAttributeName:0, NSFontAttributeName:font])
let attrStr02 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: [NSLigatureAttributeName:1, NSFontAttributeName:font])
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrStr01)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrStr02)
fontTextView.attributedText = attrString

font16.png
13.特效
NSTextEffectAttributeName
let originString = "String文本\n"
let attrString = NSMutableAttributedString()
let font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(30)
let attrStr01 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: [ NSFontAttributeName:font])
let attrStr02 = NSAttributedString(string: originString, attributes: [NSTextEffectAttributeName:NSTextEffectLetterpressStyle, NSFontAttributeName:font])
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrStr01)
attrString.appendAttributedString(attrStr02)
fontTextView.attributedText = attrString

下面的是添加了特效的,对比起来还是有点区别


font17.png
14.段落
NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:NSParagraphStyle

可以类比word中的段落属性来理解
以下例子中,文字加颜色和下划线是为了更好的表示文字边界

1.行间距,首行缩进
lineSpacing //行间距
firstLineHeadIndent //首行缩进
let path = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("hupan", ofType: "txt")!
let originString = try? NSString(contentsOfFile: path, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding) as String
let paragraphStyle01 = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle01.lineSpacing = -10
paragraphStyle01.firstLineHeadIndent = 0 //默认0
let attr01 = [NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:paragraphStyle01, NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.cyanColor(), NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:1, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(20)]
let attrString01 = NSAttributedString(string: originString!, attributes: attr01)
fontTextView01.attributedText = attrString01;
//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
let paragraphStyle02 = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle02.lineSpacing = -40 //负值无效果
paragraphStyle02.firstLineHeadIndent = 0
let attr02 = [NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:paragraphStyle02, NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.cyanColor(), NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:1, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(20)]
let attrString02 = NSAttributedString(string: originString!, attributes: attr02)
fontTextView02.attributedText = attrString02;
//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
let paragraphStyle03 = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle03.lineSpacing = 50 //行间距
paragraphStyle03.firstLineHeadIndent = 40
let attr03 = [NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:paragraphStyle03, NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.cyanColor(), NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:1, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(20)]
let attrString03 = NSAttributedString(string: originString!, attributes: attr03)
fontTextView03.attributedText = attrString03;

font19_MarkMan.png
2.除首行外缩进,文本区域宽度
headIndent//直接翻译是"文本区域边缘到段落起始位置的距离",对首行无效
tailIndent//直接翻译是"文本区域边缘到段落结束位置的距离"
let path = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("hupan", ofType: "txt")!
let originString = try? NSString(contentsOfFile: path, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding) as String
let paragraphStyle01 = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle01.headIndent = 20//除首行缩进
paragraphStyle01.tailIndent = 200 //文本区域宽度
let attr01 = [NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:paragraphStyle01, NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.cyanColor(), NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:1, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(15)]
let attrString01 = NSAttributedString(string: originString!, attributes: attr01)
fontTextView01.attributedText = attrString01;
//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
let paragraphStyle02 = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle02.headIndent = 50//除首行缩进
paragraphStyle02.tailIndent = 300
let attr02 = [NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:paragraphStyle02, NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.cyanColor(), NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:1, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(15)]
let attrString02 = NSAttributedString(string: originString!, attributes: attr02)
fontTextView02.attributedText = attrString02;
//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
let paragraphStyle03 = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle03.headIndent = 50//除首行缩进
paragraphStyle03.tailIndent = 0//默认全部宽度
let attr03 = [NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:paragraphStyle03, NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.cyanColor(), NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:1, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(15)]
let attrString03 = NSAttributedString(string: originString!, attributes: attr03)
fontTextView03.attributedText = attrString03;

font20_MarkMan.png
3.段间距
paragraphSpacing
paragraphSpacingBefore
let path = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("hupan", ofType: "txt")!
let originString = try? NSString(contentsOfFile: path, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding) as String
let paragraphStyle01 = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle01.paragraphSpacing = 40
paragraphStyle01.firstLineHeadIndent = 30
paragraphStyle01.paragraphSpacingBefore = 0
let attr01 = [NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:paragraphStyle01, NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.cyanColor(), NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:1, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(15)]
let attrString01 = NSAttributedString(string: originString!, attributes: attr01)
fontTextView01.attributedText = attrString01;
//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
let paragraphStyle02 = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle02.lineSpacing = 0
paragraphStyle02.paragraphSpacing = -30
paragraphStyle02.firstLineHeadIndent = 30
paragraphStyle02.paragraphSpacingBefore = 50
let attr02 = [NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:paragraphStyle02, NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.cyanColor(), NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:1, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(15)]
let attrString02 = NSAttributedString(string: originString!, attributes: attr02)
fontTextView02.attributedText = attrString02;
//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
let paragraphStyle03 = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle03.paragraphSpacing = 30
paragraphStyle03.firstLineHeadIndent = 40
paragraphStyle03.paragraphSpacingBefore = 50
let attr03 = [NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:paragraphStyle03, NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.cyanColor(), NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:1, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(15)]
let attrString03 = NSAttributedString(string: originString!, attributes: attr03)
fontTextView03.attributedText = attrString03;

font21_MarkMan.png
4.排版方向
baseWritingDirection //排版方向
let path = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("hupan", ofType: "txt")!
let originString = try? NSString(contentsOfFile: path, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding) as String
let paragraphStyle01 = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle01.firstLineHeadIndent = 30
paragraphStyle01.baseWritingDirection = .LeftToRight
let attr01 = [NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:paragraphStyle01, NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.cyanColor(), NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:1, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(15)]
let attrString01 = NSAttributedString(string: originString!, attributes: attr01)
fontTextView01.attributedText = attrString01;
//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
let paragraphStyle02 = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle02.firstLineHeadIndent = 30
paragraphStyle02.baseWritingDirection = .Natural
let attr02 = [NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:paragraphStyle02, NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.cyanColor(), NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:1, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(15)]
let attrString02 = NSAttributedString(string: originString!, attributes: attr02)
fontTextView02.attributedText = attrString02;
//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
let paragraphStyle03 = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle03.firstLineHeadIndent = 30
paragraphStyle03.baseWritingDirection = .RightToLeft
let attr03 = [NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:paragraphStyle03, NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:UIColor.cyanColor(), NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:1, NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:UIColor.purpleColor(), NSFontAttributeName:UIFont.systemFontOfSize(15)]
let attrString03 = NSAttributedString(string: originString!, attributes: attr03)
fontTextView03.attributedText = attrString03;

font22_MarkMan.png
5.对齐方式
alignment

对应的是以下几种


font23.png
6.打断方式
lineBreakMode

与UILabel的属性类似

7.几倍行高,最大行高.最小行高
lineHeightMultiple //类比word
maximumLineHeight //最大行高.值小于默认行高,实际行高为最大行高;值大于默认行高,实际行高为默认行高
minimumLineHeight //最小行高.值大于默认行高,实际行高为最小行高;值小于默认行高,实际行高为默认行高

4.玩出花的富文本轮子

研究透一个肯定会提高很多
YYText:https://github.com/ibireme/YYText
TTTAttributedLabel:https://github.com/TTTAttributedLabel/TTTAttributedLabel
SlackTextViewController:https://github.com/slackhq/SlackTextViewController
JVFloatLabeledTextField:https://github.com/jverdi/JVFloatLabeledTextField
TOMSMorphingLabel:https://github.com/tomknig/TOMSMorphingLabel
ZSSRichTextEditor:https://github.com/nnhubbard/ZSSRichTextEditor
jot:https://github.com/IFTTT/jot

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