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访问官网查看python 3.6.x 系列有什么安装包
因为是Centos6,前面安装3.7.x系列在SSL这块有些问题,考虑使用3.6.x系列看看。
访问官网下载地址:https://www.python.org/downloads/source/
安装系统依赖
[root@centos6 Python-3.6.8]# yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel -y
下载python3.6.x的安装包
[root@centos6 opt]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.8/Python-3.6.8.tgz
安装过程
[root@centos6 opt]# tar -zxvf Python-3.6.8.tgz
[root@centos6 Python-3.6.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
[root@centos6 Python-3.6.8]# make && make install
设置环境
安装完毕之后,文件会在/usr/local/python3/bin/
路径下。
[root@centos6 Python-3.6.8]# ls /usr/local/python3/bin/
2to3 easy_install-3.6 idle3.6 pip3.6 pydoc3.6 python3.6 python3.6m python3-config pyvenv-3.6
2to3-3.6 idle3 pip3 pydoc3 python3 python3.6-config python3.6m-config pyvenv
[root@centos6 Python-3.6.8]#
[root@centos6 bin]# ./python3.6
Python 3.6.8 (default, Apr 23 2019, 14:53:03)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-23)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()
[root@centos6 bin]#
[root@centos6 bin]# ./pip3 search redis
redis (3.2.1) - Python client for Redis key-value store
redis-completion (0.5.0) - autocomplete with redis
设置软连接ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3.6
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
设置之后,就可以全局使用了,如下:
[root@centos6 bin]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3.6
[root@centos6 bin]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
[root@centos6 bin]#
[root@centos6 bin]# cd ~
[root@centos6 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop Documents Downloads gitbook install.log install.log.syslog Music netperf-2.6.0-2.gf.el6.x86_64.rpm Pictures Public Templates tmp Videos
[root@centos6 ~]# python3.6
Python 3.6.8 (default, Apr 23 2019, 14:53:03)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-23)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit
Use exit() or Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
>>> exit()
[root@centos6 ~]# pip3 search redis
redis (3.2.1) - Python client for Redis key-value store
redis-completion (0.5.0) - autocomplete with redis
kinto-redis (2.0.0) - Kinto Redis
升级pip3到最新版本
pip3 install --upgrade pip
[root@centos6 ~]# pip3 install --upgrade pip
Collecting pipDownloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d8/f3/413bab4ff08e1fc4828dfc59996d721917df8e8583ea85385d51125dceff/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.4MB)100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.4MB 122kB/s
Installing collected packages: pipFound existing installation: pip 18.1Uninstalling pip-18.1:Successfully uninstalled pip-18.1
Successfully installed pip-19.0.3
[root@centos6 ~]#
安装ipython3
pip3 install ipython
安装完毕后,可以从/usr/local/python3/bin目录下找到ipython的二进制可执行文件。
[root@centos6 ~]# cd /usr/local/python3/bin
[root@centos6 bin]# ls
2to3 easy_install-3.6 idle3.6 iptest3 ipython3 pip3 pydoc3 pygmentize python3.6 python3.6m python3-config pyvenv-3.6
2to3-3.6 idle3 iptest ipython pip pip3.6 pydoc3.6 python3 python3.6-config python3.6m-config pyvenv
[root@centos6 bin]# ./ipython
/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/history.py:226: UserWarning: IPython History requires SQLite, your history will not be savedwarn("IPython History requires SQLite, your history will not be saved")
Python 3.6.8 (default, Apr 23 2019, 14:53:03)
Type 'copyright', 'credits' or 'license' for more information
IPython 7.4.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python. Type '?' for help.In [1]:
配置ipython3的软链接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/ipython /usr/bin/ipython3
[root@centos6 bin]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/ipython /usr/bin/ipython3
[root@centos6 bin]#
[root@centos6 bin]# cd ~
[root@centos6 ~]#
[root@centos6 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop Documents Downloads gitbook install.log install.log.syslog Music netperf-2.6.0-2.gf.el6.x86_64.rpm Pictures Public Templates tmp Videos
[root@centos6 ~]#
[root@centos6 ~]# ipython3
/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/history.py:226: UserWarning: IPython History requires SQLite, your history will not be savedwarn("IPython History requires SQLite, your history will not be saved")
Python 3.6.8 (default, Apr 23 2019, 14:53:03)
Type 'copyright', 'credits' or 'license' for more information
IPython 7.4.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python. Type '?' for help.In [1]:
Centos6 对于python3的兼容性
经过了Centos6对于python 3.7.x 和 python 3.6.x 的安装对比,还是使用python 3.6.x的兼容性最好。
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