本文主要是介绍Python3简单实现与Java的Hutool库SM2的加解密互通,希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!
1、背景:
因业务需求,需要与某平台接口对接。平台是Java基于Hutool库实现的SM2加密解密,研究了下SM2的加解密算法,网上找的资料,都是说SM2【椭圆曲线】 公钥长【x,y分量 64字节】,私钥短【32字节】;而平台给的Hutool生成的密钥对,私钥反而比公钥更长,直接用Pyhton做SM2加解密,难以实现数据的互通。后多方查找资料,几经测试终于弄成,其他编程语言亦可参考,现分享如下。
2、密钥分析:
主要参考资料,引用自:https://juejin.cn/post/6981721907653509128
公钥转码分析:
私钥转码分析:
加解密注意事项:
Python Demo 代码:
#!/usr/bin/python3
#coding=utf-8#用Python实现与Java Hutool库 SM2加密、解密 互通
#重要参考资料 引用 https://juejin.cn/post/6981721907653509128from gmssl import sm2
from base64 import b64encode, b64decode
import requests# 常量定义 用Java Hutool库 实现的SM2加密、解密的接口 【密钥格式:Base64, 密文格式:Hex字符串,大写】
JAVA_HUTOOL_ENCRYPT_URL = 'http://127.0.0.1:8384/publicKeyEncrypt'
JAVA_HUTOOL_DECRYPT_URL = 'http://127.0.0.1:8384/privateKeyDecrypt'def sm2_key_pair_java_hutool_to_python(public_sm2_key_base64, private_sm2_key_base64):"""将Java Hutool生成的SM2公钥和私钥转换为Python中使用的格式Args:public_sm2_key_base64 (str): Java Hutool生成的SM2公钥的Base64编码字符串private_sm2_key_base64 (str): Java Hutool生成的SM2私钥的Base64编码字符串Returns:tuple: 包含两个元素的元组,分别为:- str: 截取后的SM2公钥(大写的Hex字符串)- str: 截取后的SM2私钥(大写的Hex字符串)"""public_sm2_key_bin = b64decode(public_sm2_key_base64)private_sm2_key_bin = b64decode(private_sm2_key_base64)public_sm2_key_hex = ''.join(format(x, '02X') for x in public_sm2_key_bin)private_sm2_key_hex = ''.join(format(x, '02X') for x in private_sm2_key_bin)sm2_public_key = public_sm2_key_hex[-128:]sm2_private_key = private_sm2_key_hex[72:72+64]return sm2_public_key, sm2_private_keydef encrypt(message, sm2_crypt):"""使用SM2加密消息Args:message (str): 要加密的消息sm2_crypt (sm2.CryptSM2): SM2加密对象Returns:str: 加密后的Hex字符串"""try:byte_array = sm2_crypt.encrypt(message.encode(encoding="utf-8"))encode_info = '04' + ''.join(format(x, '02X') for x in byte_array)return encode_infoexcept Exception as e:print(f"Encryption error: {e}")return Nonedef decrypt(hex_string, sm2_crypt):"""使用SM2解密Hex字符串Args:hex_string (str): 要解密的Hex字符串sm2_crypt (sm2.CryptSM2): SM2加密对象Returns:str: 解密后的明文信息"""try:if hex_string.startswith("04"):hex_string = hex_string[2:]byte_array = bytes.fromhex(hex_string)decode_info = sm2_crypt.decrypt(byte_array).decode(encoding="utf-8")return decode_infoexcept Exception as e:print(f"Decryption error: {e}")return Nonedef encrypt_java_hutool(message, public_key_base64):"""使用Java Hutool加密消息Args:message (str): 要加密的消息public_key_base64 (str): Java Hutool生成的公钥的Base64编码字符串Returns:str: 加密后的字符串"""try:data = {'publicKey': public_key_base64,'plainTxt': message}response = requests.post(url=JAVA_HUTOOL_ENCRYPT_URL, data=data)return response.json()['data']except Exception as e:print(f"Java Hutool Encryption error: {e}")return Nonedef decrypt_java_hutool(cipher, private_key_base64):"""使用Java Hutool解密消息Args:cipher (str): 要解密的Hex字符串private_key_base64 (str): Java Hutool生成的私钥的Base64编码字符串Returns:str: 解密后的明文信息"""try:data = {'privateKey': private_key_base64,'ciphertext': cipher}response = requests.post(url=JAVA_HUTOOL_DECRYPT_URL, data=data)return response.json()['data']except Exception as e:print(f"Java Hutool Decryption error: {e}")return Noneif __name__ == "__main__":# JavaHutool 生成的公钥私钥对public_sm2_key_base64 = 'MFkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoEcz1UBgi0DQgAErcXffRE7psQ7xTkrxEBzH3VQVviZ/pd1HBDFTfUwOmqx5n4zNjqJfDzS7yvFCfAmehoejdeE2UTecJgb72dtDQ=='private_sm2_key_base64 = 'MIGTAgEAMBMGByqGSM49AgEGCCqBHM9VAYItBHkwdwIBAQQgXFpB6hO0RjwT7UhFkqBX85/hclTf45nPZ8ljuANGTu+gCgYIKoEcz1UBgi2hRANCAAStxd99ETumxDvFOSvEQHMfdVBW+Jn+l3UcEMVN9TA6arHmfjM2Ool8PNLvK8UJ8CZ6Gh6N14TZRN5wmBvvZ20N'sm2_public_key, sm2_private_key = sm2_key_pair_java_hutool_to_python(public_sm2_key_base64, private_sm2_key_base64)sm2_crypt = sm2.CryptSM2(public_key=sm2_public_key, private_key=sm2_private_key)message = "呵呵呵1234567890123abc"print("原始内容为: " + message)cipher = encrypt(message, sm2_crypt)print("Python加密结果为: " + cipher)java_hutool_message = decrypt_java_hutool(cipher, private_sm2_key_base64)print("Java Hutool解密结果为: " + java_hutool_message)java_hutool_cipher = encrypt_java_hutool(message, public_sm2_key_base64)print("Java Hutool加密结果为: " + java_hutool_cipher)python_message = decrypt(java_hutool_cipher, sm2_crypt)print("Python解密结果为: " + python_message)
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