C语言与OCI一起操作oracle

2024-06-12 08:38
文章标签 oracle 语言 操作 一起 oci

本文主要是介绍C语言与OCI一起操作oracle，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

一，oci简介：
OCI(Oracle Call Intedace，即0racle调用层接口)是Oracle公司提供的由头文件和库函数等组成的一个访问Oracle数据库的应用程序编程接口（application programming interface API），它允许开发人员在第三代编程语言（包括C, C++, COBOL 与 FORTRAN）中通过SQL（Structure Query Language）来操纵Oracle数据库，而且OCI在一定程度上支持第三代编程语言（诸如C, C++, COBOL 与 FORTRAN）的数据类型、语法等等。OCI的显著特点是全面支持Oracle的面向对象技术，同时OCI还具有如下的一些特点：
1)高度控制应用程序的执行；
2)允许开发人员应用已熟悉的第三代程序设计语言来应用OCI；
3）可以内嵌到C代码中
4)支持动态SQL；
5)几乎所有的Oracle的开发工具都支持OCI；
6)通过回调技术（callbacks）来实现动态绑定与定义；
7)通过OCI的描述函数可以获取Oracle数据库的各种参数；
8)增强了数组在DML(data manipulation language)语言中的应用；
OCI接口支持Windows NT和Windows 95／98/2000/XP操作系统，它所支持的C语言编译器包括Borland C++和MiroSoft VisualC++等。在使用0CI开发Oralce数据库应用程序之前，应首先安装这些操作系统和C语言编译工具。在选择安装OCI开发工具包后，Oracle安装程序将0CI文件拷贝到oracle主目录内的以下子目录中：
头文件oci.h在
/home/oracle_11/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/public/oci.h
二，简单的说一下oci的工作步骤
oci编程所需要的一些数据
typedef struct
{
OCIEnv* phOCIEnv ;//OCI环境句柄
OCIError* phOCIErr;//OCI错误句柄
OCISvcCtx* phOCISvctx;//服务上下文句柄
OCIServer* phOCIServe; /服务器上下文句柄/
OCIStmt* phOCIstmt; //语句句柄
OCISession * phSession; //会话句柄
char* DBName;//数据库服务名
char* UserName;//数据库用户名
char* Pwd;//数据库密码
}OCIHP;
2.1，分配和初始化一些句柄(如图)
这里写图片描述

2.2，分配初始化好句柄以后进行连接数据库如图
这里写图片描述
2.3，连接数据库以后就要执行一些sql语句，步骤如下
数据库连接好后可以执行SQL语句：一条SQL语句在OCI应用程序中的执行步骤一般如下：(1)准备SQL语句。(2)在SQL语句中绑定需要输入到SQL语句中的变量。(3)执行SQL语句。(4)获取SQL中的输出描述。(5)定义输出变量。(6)获取数据。具体过程及过程中调用的函数如下图所示。对于SQL中的定义语句（如CREATE，DROP）和控制语句（如GRANT，REVOKE），由于没有数据的输入输出，只需要图2中第一步和第三步即可。操作语句（如INSERT，DELETE，UPDATE）则需要执行前三步。而查询语句（如SELECT）不仅可能有数据输入，而且也有数据的输出，因此需要执行六个步骤。
这里写图片描述

三，常用函数解析可以到这里下载
http://download.csdn.net/detail/u011573853/9328969

四，案例，本人写了一个很浅显的案例，实现了增删改查操作，使用绑定参数和不绑定两种方式完成的，适合我这样的新手看，高手飘过核心代码如下
全部代码可以到此下载
http://download.csdn.net/detail/u011573853/9328997

//插入数据(不绑定参数的)
void Oci_insert(OCIHP* ph,char *sql)
{printf("sql =%s\n",sql);char sErrorMsg[1024];sb4 sb4ErrorCode;ub4 ub4RecordNo = 1;int nRet = 0;//准备SQL语句nRet=	OCIStmtPrepare(ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (text*)sql,  (ub4) strlen(sql), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT); if(nRet){printf("%s\n","准备SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtPrepare() error:%d\n",nRet);return ;}   		printf("%s\n","kaishi执行SQL语句");nRet = OCIStmtExecute( ph->phOCISvctx, ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *) NULL,(OCISnapshot *) NULL, (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT); //执行SQL语句if(nRet){printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtExecute() error:%d\n",nRet);//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;} printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句 OK");Oci_commit( ph);return ;
}//绑定参数插入
void Oci_insert_bang(OCIHP* ph)
{char sErrorMsg[1024];sb4 sb4ErrorCode;ub4 ub4RecordNo = 1;int nRet = 0;OCIBind* bhp[10];  char id[5]="11";char sname[15]="liuyupei";int age=20;char sex[]="v";char sql[]="insert into stu(id,sname,age,sex) values(:Vhid,:Vhname,:Vhage,:Vhsex)";//准备SQL语句nRet=	OCIStmtPrepare(ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (text*)sql,  (ub4) strlen(sql), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT); if(nRet){printf("%s\n","准备SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtPrepare() error:%d\n",nRet);return ;}   //绑定输入参数变量/*//把id 和:Vhid绑定在一起if ((nRet= OCIBindByName(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[0], ph->phOCIErr, (text *) ":Vhid",strlen(":Vhid"), (ub1 *)id , strlen(id)+1, SQLT_STR, (void *) 0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT))!=OCI_SUCCESS){printf("%s\n","1参数绑定失败");return ;}//把sname 和:Vhname绑定在一起if ((nRet= OCIBindByName(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[1], ph->phOCIErr, (text *) ":Vhname",strlen(":Vhname"), (ub1 *)sname , strlen(sname)+1, SQLT_STR, (void *) 0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT))!=OCI_SUCCESS){printf("%s\n","2参数绑定失败");return ;}//把age 和:Vhage绑定在一起 if ((nRet= OCIBindByName(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[2], ph->phOCIErr, (text *) ":Vhage",-1, (ub1 *)&age , (sword)4, SQLT_INT, (void *) 0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT))!=OCI_SUCCESS){printf("%s\n","3参数绑定失败");return ;}//把sex 和:Vhsex绑定在一起 if ((nRet= OCIBindByName(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[3], ph->phOCIErr, (text *) ":Vhsex",strlen(":Vhsex"), (ub1 *)sex , strlen(sex)+1, SQLT_STR, (void *) 0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT))!=OCI_SUCCESS){printf("%s\n","4参数绑定失败");return ;}*///第二种绑定的方法OCIBindByPos(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[0], ph->phOCIErr, 1,(dvoid *)id, sizeof(id), SQLT_STR,(dvoid*)0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0,OCI_DEFAULT); OCIBindByPos(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[1], ph->phOCIErr, 2,(dvoid *)sname, sizeof(sname), SQLT_STR,(dvoid*)0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT); OCIBindByPos(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[2], ph->phOCIErr, 3,(dvoid *)&age, sizeof(int), SQLT_INT,(dvoid*)0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT); OCIBindByPos(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[3], ph->phOCIErr, 4,(dvoid *)sex, sizeof(sex), SQLT_STR, (dvoid*)0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT); printf("%s\n","kaishi执行SQL语句");nRet = OCIStmtExecute( ph->phOCISvctx, ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *) NULL,(OCISnapshot *) NULL, (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT); //执行SQL语句if(nRet){printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtExecute() error:%d\n",nRet);//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;} printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句 OK");Oci_commit( ph);return ;
}

//更新数据不绑定
void Oci_update(OCIHP* ph,char *sql)
{printf("sql =%s\n",sql);char sErrorMsg[1024];sb4 sb4ErrorCode;ub4 ub4RecordNo = 1;int nRet = 0;//准备SQL语句nRet=	OCIStmtPrepare(ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (text*)sql,  (ub4) strlen(sql), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT); if(nRet){printf("%s\n","准备SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtPrepare() error:%d\n",nRet);if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;}   		printf("%s\n","kaishi执行SQL语句");nRet = OCIStmtExecute( ph->phOCISvctx, ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *) NULL,(OCISnapshot *) NULL, (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT); //执行SQL语句if(nRet){printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtExecute() error:%d\n",nRet);//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;} printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句 OK");Oci_commit( ph);return ;
}//更新数据绑定参数
void Oci_update_bang(OCIHP* ph)
{char sErrorMsg[1024];sb4 sb4ErrorCode;ub4 ub4RecordNo = 1;int nRet = 0;OCIBind* bhp[10];  char id[5]="11";char sname[15]="liweieieieei";
;char sql[]="update stu set sname=':Vhname' where id=':Vhid'";//准备SQL语句nRet=	OCIStmtPrepare(ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (text*)sql,  (ub4) strlen(sql), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT); if(nRet){printf("%s\n","准备SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtPrepare() error:%d\n",nRet);return ;}   //绑定输入参数变量/*//把id 和:Vhid绑定在一起if ((nRet= OCIBindByName(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[0], ph->phOCIErr, (text *) ":Vhid",strlen(":Vhid"), (ub1 *)id , strlen(id)+1, SQLT_STR, (void *) 0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT))!=OCI_SUCCESS){printf("%s\n","1参数绑定失败");return 0;}//把sname 和:Vhname绑定在一起if ((nRet= OCIBindByName(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[1], ph->phOCIErr, (text *) ":Vhname",strlen(":Vhname"), (ub1 *)sname , strlen(sname)+1, SQLT_STR, (void *) 0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT))!=OCI_SUCCESS){printf("%s\n","2参数绑定失败");return 0;}*///第二种绑定的方法OCIBindByPos(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[0], ph->phOCIErr, 2,(dvoid *)id, sizeof(id), SQLT_STR,(dvoid*)0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0,OCI_DEFAULT); OCIBindByPos(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[1], ph->phOCIErr, 1,(dvoid *)sname, sizeof(sname), SQLT_STR,(dvoid*)0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT); printf("%s\n","kaishi执行SQL语句");nRet = OCIStmtExecute( ph->phOCISvctx, ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *) NULL,(OCISnapshot *) NULL, (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT); //执行SQL语句if(nRet){printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtExecute() error:%d\n",nRet);//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;} printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句 OK");Oci_commit( ph);return ;
}//查询
void Oci_select(OCIHP* ph)
{int nRet = 0;ub4 ub4RecordNo = 1;OCIDefine * bhp[10];  char id[20];char sname[30];int age;char sex[20];char sErrorMsg[1024];sb4 sb4ErrorCode;//char sname[10] ={0};b2 sb2aIndid[30]; //指示器变量，用于取可能存在空值的字char sql[]="select id,sname,age,sex  from stu  ";nRet=	OCIStmtPrepare(ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (text*)sql, (ub4) strlen(sql), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT); //准备SQL语句if(nRet){printf("%s\n","准备SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtPrepare() error:%d\n",nRet);return ;}   //获取数据长度ub2 datalen = 0;//绑定输出参数if(OCIDefineByPos(ph->phOCIstmt,&bhp[0],ph->phOCIErr, 1, (dvoid *)&id, (ub4)sizeof(id),SQLT_STR/*LBI long binary type */, &sb2aIndid[0], &datalen, NULL,   OCI_DEFAULT) !=0){//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg,sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);OCIHandleFree(ph->phOCIstmt, OCI_HTYPE_STMT);printf("%s\n","1参数绑定失败");return ;}if(OCIDefineByPos(ph->phOCIstmt,&bhp[1],ph->phOCIErr, 2,(dvoid *)&sname, (ub4)sizeof(sname),SQLT_STR/*LBI long binary type */, &sb2aIndid[1], &datalen, NULL, OCI_DEFAULT) !=0){//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*)sErrorMsg,sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);OCIHandleFree(ph->phOCIstmt, OCI_HTYPE_STMT);printf("%s\n","2参数绑定失败");return ;}if(OCIDefineByPos(ph->phOCIstmt,&bhp[2],ph->phOCIErr, 3,(dvoid *)&age, (ub4)4,SQLT_INT/*LBI long binary type */, NULL, &datalen, NULL,  OCI_DEFAULT) !=0){//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);OCIHandleFree(ph->phOCIstmt, OCI_HTYPE_STMT);printf("%s\n","3参数绑定失败");return ;}if(OCIDefineByPos(ph->phOCIstmt,&bhp[3],ph->phOCIErr, 4,(dvoid *)&sex, (ub4)sizeof(sex),SQLT_STR/*LBI long binary type */, &sb2aIndid[3], &datalen, NULL, OCI_DEFAULT) !=0){//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*)sErrorMsg,sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);OCIHandleFree(ph->phOCIstmt, OCI_HTYPE_STMT);printf("%s\n","4参数绑定失败");return ;}//获取执行语句类型ub2 stmt_type;OCIAttrGet ((dvoid *)ph->phOCIstmt, (ub4)OCI_HTYPE_STMT, (dvoid *)&stmt_type, (ub4 *)0, (ub4)OCI_ATTR_STMT_TYPE, ph->phOCIErr);printf("%s\n","kaishi执行SQL语句");nRet = OCIStmtExecute( ph->phOCISvctx, ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (ub4)(stmt_type==OCI_STMT_SELECT?1:0), (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *) NULL,(OCISnapshot *) NULL, (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT); //执行SQL语句if(nRet){printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtExecute() error:%d\n",nRet);if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;} // 利用游标提取信息int rows_fetched;do{printf("id=%s,sname=%s,age=%d,sex =%s\n",id,(sb2aIndid[1]==-1?"NULL":sname),age,sex);printf("%d\n",sb2aIndid[0]);printf("%d\n",sb2aIndid[1]);}while(OCIStmtFetch2(ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, 1, OCI_FETCH_NEXT, OCI_FETCH_NEXT, OCI_DEFAULT) != OCI_NO_DATA);// 获得记录条数OCIAttrGet((CONST void *)ph->phOCIstmt, OCI_HTYPE_STMT, (void *)&rows_fetched, (ub4 *)sizeof(rows_fetched),OCI_ATTR_ROW_COUNT, ph->phOCIErr);printf("总共记录数 %d\n",rows_fetched);
}//删除数据
void Oci_delete(OCIHP* ph,char *sql)
{printf("sql =%s\n",sql);char sErrorMsg[1024];sb4 sb4ErrorCode;ub4 ub4RecordNo = 1;int nRet = 0;//准备SQL语句nRet=	OCIStmtPrepare(ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (text*)sql,  (ub4) strlen(sql), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT); if(nRet){printf("%s\n","准备SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtPrepare() error:%d\n",nRet);if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;}   		printf("%s\n","kaishi执行SQL语句");nRet = OCIStmtExecute( ph->phOCISvctx, ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *) NULL,(OCISnapshot *) NULL, (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT); //执行SQL语句if(nRet){printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtExecute() error:%d\n",nRet);//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;} printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句 OK");Oci_commit( ph);return ;
}
简单的makefile：//插入数据(不绑定参数的)
void Oci_insert(OCIHP* ph,char *sql)
{printf("sql =%s\n",sql);char sErrorMsg[1024];sb4 sb4ErrorCode;ub4 ub4RecordNo = 1;int nRet = 0;//准备SQL语句nRet=	OCIStmtPrepare(ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (text*)sql,  (ub4) strlen(sql), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT); if(nRet){printf("%s\n","准备SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtPrepare() error:%d\n",nRet);return ;}   		printf("%s\n","kaishi执行SQL语句");nRet = OCIStmtExecute( ph->phOCISvctx, ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *) NULL,(OCISnapshot *) NULL, (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT); //执行SQL语句if(nRet){printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtExecute() error:%d\n",nRet);//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;} printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句 OK");Oci_commit( ph);return ;
}//绑定参数插入
void Oci_insert_bang(OCIHP* ph)
{char sErrorMsg[1024];sb4 sb4ErrorCode;ub4 ub4RecordNo = 1;int nRet = 0;OCIBind* bhp[10];  char id[5]="11";char sname[15]="liuyupei";int age=20;char sex[]="v";char sql[]="insert into stu(id,sname,age,sex) values(:Vhid,:Vhname,:Vhage,:Vhsex)";//准备SQL语句nRet=	OCIStmtPrepare(ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (text*)sql,  (ub4) strlen(sql), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT); if(nRet){printf("%s\n","准备SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtPrepare() error:%d\n",nRet);return ;}   //绑定输入参数变量/*//把id 和:Vhid绑定在一起if ((nRet= OCIBindByName(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[0], ph->phOCIErr, (text *) ":Vhid",strlen(":Vhid"), (ub1 *)id , strlen(id)+1, SQLT_STR, (void *) 0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT))!=OCI_SUCCESS){printf("%s\n","1参数绑定失败");return ;}//把sname 和:Vhname绑定在一起if ((nRet= OCIBindByName(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[1], ph->phOCIErr, (text *) ":Vhname",strlen(":Vhname"), (ub1 *)sname , strlen(sname)+1, SQLT_STR, (void *) 0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT))!=OCI_SUCCESS){printf("%s\n","2参数绑定失败");return ;}//把age 和:Vhage绑定在一起 if ((nRet= OCIBindByName(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[2], ph->phOCIErr, (text *) ":Vhage",-1, (ub1 *)&age , (sword)4, SQLT_INT, (void *) 0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT))!=OCI_SUCCESS){printf("%s\n","3参数绑定失败");return ;}//把sex 和:Vhsex绑定在一起 if ((nRet= OCIBindByName(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[3], ph->phOCIErr, (text *) ":Vhsex",strlen(":Vhsex"), (ub1 *)sex , strlen(sex)+1, SQLT_STR, (void *) 0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT))!=OCI_SUCCESS){printf("%s\n","4参数绑定失败");return ;}*///第二种绑定的方法OCIBindByPos(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[0], ph->phOCIErr, 1,(dvoid *)id, sizeof(id), SQLT_STR,(dvoid*)0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0,OCI_DEFAULT); OCIBindByPos(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[1], ph->phOCIErr, 2,(dvoid *)sname, sizeof(sname), SQLT_STR,(dvoid*)0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT); OCIBindByPos(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[2], ph->phOCIErr, 3,(dvoid *)&age, sizeof(int), SQLT_INT,(dvoid*)0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT); OCIBindByPos(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[3], ph->phOCIErr, 4,(dvoid *)sex, sizeof(sex), SQLT_STR, (dvoid*)0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT); printf("%s\n","kaishi执行SQL语句");nRet = OCIStmtExecute( ph->phOCISvctx, ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *) NULL,(OCISnapshot *) NULL, (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT); //执行SQL语句if(nRet){printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtExecute() error:%d\n",nRet);//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;} printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句 OK");Oci_commit( ph);return ;
}

//更新数据不绑定
void Oci_update(OCIHP* ph,char *sql)
{printf("sql =%s\n",sql);char sErrorMsg[1024];sb4 sb4ErrorCode;ub4 ub4RecordNo = 1;int nRet = 0;//准备SQL语句nRet=	OCIStmtPrepare(ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (text*)sql,  (ub4) strlen(sql), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT); if(nRet){printf("%s\n","准备SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtPrepare() error:%d\n",nRet);if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;}   		printf("%s\n","kaishi执行SQL语句");nRet = OCIStmtExecute( ph->phOCISvctx, ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *) NULL,(OCISnapshot *) NULL, (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT); //执行SQL语句if(nRet){printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtExecute() error:%d\n",nRet);//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;} printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句 OK");Oci_commit( ph);return ;
}//更新数据绑定参数
void Oci_update_bang(OCIHP* ph)
{char sErrorMsg[1024];sb4 sb4ErrorCode;ub4 ub4RecordNo = 1;int nRet = 0;OCIBind* bhp[10];  char id[5]="11";char sname[15]="liweieieieei";
;char sql[]="update stu set sname=':Vhname' where id=':Vhid'";//准备SQL语句nRet=	OCIStmtPrepare(ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (text*)sql,  (ub4) strlen(sql), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT); if(nRet){printf("%s\n","准备SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtPrepare() error:%d\n",nRet);return ;}   //绑定输入参数变量/*//把id 和:Vhid绑定在一起if ((nRet= OCIBindByName(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[0], ph->phOCIErr, (text *) ":Vhid",strlen(":Vhid"), (ub1 *)id , strlen(id)+1, SQLT_STR, (void *) 0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT))!=OCI_SUCCESS){printf("%s\n","1参数绑定失败");return 0;}//把sname 和:Vhname绑定在一起if ((nRet= OCIBindByName(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[1], ph->phOCIErr, (text *) ":Vhname",strlen(":Vhname"), (ub1 *)sname , strlen(sname)+1, SQLT_STR, (void *) 0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT))!=OCI_SUCCESS){printf("%s\n","2参数绑定失败");return 0;}*///第二种绑定的方法OCIBindByPos(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[0], ph->phOCIErr, 2,(dvoid *)id, sizeof(id), SQLT_STR,(dvoid*)0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0,OCI_DEFAULT); OCIBindByPos(ph->phOCIstmt, &bhp[1], ph->phOCIErr, 1,(dvoid *)sname, sizeof(sname), SQLT_STR,(dvoid*)0,(ub2 *) 0, (ub2) 0, (ub4) 0, (ub4 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT); printf("%s\n","kaishi执行SQL语句");nRet = OCIStmtExecute( ph->phOCISvctx, ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *) NULL,(OCISnapshot *) NULL, (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT); //执行SQL语句if(nRet){printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtExecute() error:%d\n",nRet);//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;} printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句 OK");Oci_commit( ph);return ;
}//查询
void Oci_select(OCIHP* ph)
{int nRet = 0;ub4 ub4RecordNo = 1;OCIDefine * bhp[10];  char id[20];char sname[30];int age;char sex[20];char sErrorMsg[1024];sb4 sb4ErrorCode;//char sname[10] ={0};b2 sb2aIndid[30]; //指示器变量，用于取可能存在空值的字char sql[]="select id,sname,age,sex  from stu  ";nRet=	OCIStmtPrepare(ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (text*)sql, (ub4) strlen(sql), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT); //准备SQL语句if(nRet){printf("%s\n","准备SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtPrepare() error:%d\n",nRet);return ;}   //获取数据长度ub2 datalen = 0;//绑定输出参数if(OCIDefineByPos(ph->phOCIstmt,&bhp[0],ph->phOCIErr, 1, (dvoid *)&id, (ub4)sizeof(id),SQLT_STR/*LBI long binary type */, &sb2aIndid[0], &datalen, NULL,   OCI_DEFAULT) !=0){//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg,sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);OCIHandleFree(ph->phOCIstmt, OCI_HTYPE_STMT);printf("%s\n","1参数绑定失败");return ;}if(OCIDefineByPos(ph->phOCIstmt,&bhp[1],ph->phOCIErr, 2,(dvoid *)&sname, (ub4)sizeof(sname),SQLT_STR/*LBI long binary type */, &sb2aIndid[1], &datalen, NULL, OCI_DEFAULT) !=0){//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*)sErrorMsg,sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);OCIHandleFree(ph->phOCIstmt, OCI_HTYPE_STMT);printf("%s\n","2参数绑定失败");return ;}if(OCIDefineByPos(ph->phOCIstmt,&bhp[2],ph->phOCIErr, 3,(dvoid *)&age, (ub4)4,SQLT_INT/*LBI long binary type */, NULL, &datalen, NULL,  OCI_DEFAULT) !=0){//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);OCIHandleFree(ph->phOCIstmt, OCI_HTYPE_STMT);printf("%s\n","3参数绑定失败");return ;}if(OCIDefineByPos(ph->phOCIstmt,&bhp[3],ph->phOCIErr, 4,(dvoid *)&sex, (ub4)sizeof(sex),SQLT_STR/*LBI long binary type */, &sb2aIndid[3], &datalen, NULL, OCI_DEFAULT) !=0){//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*)sErrorMsg,sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);OCIHandleFree(ph->phOCIstmt, OCI_HTYPE_STMT);printf("%s\n","4参数绑定失败");return ;}//获取执行语句类型ub2 stmt_type;OCIAttrGet ((dvoid *)ph->phOCIstmt, (ub4)OCI_HTYPE_STMT, (dvoid *)&stmt_type, (ub4 *)0, (ub4)OCI_ATTR_STMT_TYPE, ph->phOCIErr);printf("%s\n","kaishi执行SQL语句");nRet = OCIStmtExecute( ph->phOCISvctx, ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (ub4)(stmt_type==OCI_STMT_SELECT?1:0), (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *) NULL,(OCISnapshot *) NULL, (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT); //执行SQL语句if(nRet){printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtExecute() error:%d\n",nRet);if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;} // 利用游标提取信息int rows_fetched;do{printf("id=%s,sname=%s,age=%d,sex =%s\n",id,(sb2aIndid[1]==-1?"NULL":sname),age,sex);printf("%d\n",sb2aIndid[0]);printf("%d\n",sb2aIndid[1]);}while(OCIStmtFetch2(ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, 1, OCI_FETCH_NEXT, OCI_FETCH_NEXT, OCI_DEFAULT) != OCI_NO_DATA);// 获得记录条数OCIAttrGet((CONST void *)ph->phOCIstmt, OCI_HTYPE_STMT, (void *)&rows_fetched, (ub4 *)sizeof(rows_fetched),OCI_ATTR_ROW_COUNT, ph->phOCIErr);printf("总共记录数 %d\n",rows_fetched);
}//删除数据
void Oci_delete(OCIHP* ph,char *sql)
{printf("sql =%s\n",sql);char sErrorMsg[1024];sb4 sb4ErrorCode;ub4 ub4RecordNo = 1;int nRet = 0;//准备SQL语句nRet=	OCIStmtPrepare(ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (text*)sql,  (ub4) strlen(sql), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT); if(nRet){printf("%s\n","准备SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtPrepare() error:%d\n",nRet);if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;}   		printf("%s\n","kaishi执行SQL语句");nRet = OCIStmtExecute( ph->phOCISvctx, ph->phOCIstmt, ph->phOCIErr, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *) NULL,(OCISnapshot *) NULL, (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT); //执行SQL语句if(nRet){printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句错误");printf("OCIStmtExecute() error:%d\n",nRet);//获取错误信息if (OCIErrorGet(ph->phOCIErr, ub4RecordNo++, NULL, &sb4ErrorCode, (OraText*) sErrorMsg, sizeof(sErrorMsg), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR) == OCI_SUCCESS) printf("error msg:%s\n", sErrorMsg);return ;} printf("%s\n","执行SQL语句 OK");Oci_commit( ph);return ;
}简单的makefile：gcc myocitext.c  -o myocitext -I$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/demo -I$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/public -lclntsh应注意库lclntsh的位置本人也是新手，下面有不错的资料
http://www.cnblogs.com/ychellboy/archive/2010/04/16/1713884.html
http://kulong0105.blog.163.com/blog/static/174406191201162145944574/

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