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题目:648. 单词替换
在英语中,我们有一个叫做 词根(root)的概念,它可以跟着其他一些词组成另一个较长的单词——我们称这个词为 继承词(successor)。例如,词根an,跟随着单词 other(其他),可以形成新的单词 another(另一个)。
现在,给定一个由许多词根组成的词典和一个句子。你需要将句子中的所有继承词用词根替换掉。如果继承词有许多可以形成它的词根,则用最短的词根替换它。
你需要输出替换之后的句子。
示例 1:
输入:dictionary = [“cat”,“bat”,“rat”], sentence = “the cattle was rattled by the battery”
输出:“the cat was rat by the bat”
示例 2:
输入:dictionary = [“a”,“b”,“c”], sentence = “aadsfasf absbs bbab cadsfafs”
输出:“a a b c”
示例 3:
输入:dictionary = [“a”, “aa”, “aaa”, “aaaa”], sentence = “a aa a aaaa aaa aaa aaa aaaaaa bbb baba ababa”
输出:“a a a a a a a a bbb baba a”
示例 4:
输入:dictionary = [“catt”,“cat”,“bat”,“rat”], sentence = “the cattle was rattled by the battery”
输出:“the cat was rat by the bat”
示例 5:
输入:dictionary = [“ac”,“ab”], sentence = “it is abnormal that this solution is accepted”
输出:“it is ab that this solution is ac”
提示:
1 <= dictionary.length <= 1000
1 <= dictionary[i].length <= 100
dictionary[i] 仅由小写字母组成。
1 <= sentence.length <= 10^6
sentence 仅由小写字母和空格组成。
sentence 中单词的总量在范围 [1, 1000] 内。
sentence 中每个单词的长度在范围 [1, 1000] 内。
sentence 中单词之间由一个空格隔开。
sentence 没有前导或尾随空格。
来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/replace-words
著作权归领扣网络所有。商业转载请联系官方授权,非商业转载请注明出处。
题解
将词典构建成前缀树/字典树(Trie),树的子节点isEnd表示该节点是否为词根。
然后,将句子sentence切分成单词数组;
最后,遍历单词数组,在词典树中查找词根并替换即可。
代码
class Solution {class TrieNode {public:bool isEnd;unordered_map<char, TrieNode*> next;TrieNode() {isEnd = false;next.clear();}};class Trie {TrieNode * root;public:Trie() {root = new TrieNode();}void insert(string word) {TrieNode* cur = root;for (char c: word) {if (cur->next.count(c) == 0) {cur->next[c] = new TrieNode();}cur = cur->next[c];}cur->isEnd = true;}string search(string word) {string ans;TrieNode* cur = root;for (char c: word) {if (cur->next.count(c) == 0) {return word;}cur = cur->next[c];ans += c;if (cur->isEnd) {return ans;}}if(cur->isEnd) {return ans;}return word;}};public:string replaceWords(vector<string>& dictionary, string sentence) {Trie * trie = new Trie();for (auto root: dictionary) {trie->insert(root);}string ans;vector<string> words;int pos = 0;for (int i = 0; i < sentence.length(); i++) {if (sentence[i] == ' ') {words.push_back(sentence.substr(pos, i - pos));pos = i + 1;}}words.push_back(sentence.substr(pos, sentence.length()-pos + 1));for (auto word: words) {if(ans.empty()) {ans += trie->search(word);} else {ans += ' ';ans += trie->search(word);}}return ans;}
};
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