Spring MVC and Velocity Tutorial 入门

本文主要是介绍Spring MVC and Velocity Tutorial 入门，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

原址：点击打开链接

参考：Velocity模板(VM)语言介绍

1- Introduction

Spring MVC 4

Eclipse 4.4 (Luna)

Apache Velocity is a Java-based template engine that provides a template language to reference objects defined in Java code. It aims to ensure clean separation between the presentation tier and business tiers in a Web application (the model–view–controller design pattern).

Velocity is an open source software project hosted by the Apache Software Foundation. It is released under the Apache License.

2- Create Project

File/New/Other...

Enter:

Group Id: org.o7planning
Artifact Id: SpringMVCVelocity
Package: org.o7planning.tutorial.springmvcvelocity

Project was created:

Do not worry with the error message when Project has been created. The reason is that you have not declared Servlet library.

Note:
Eclipse 4.4 (Luna) create Maven project structure may be wrong. You need to check.

3- Configure maven

pom.xml

<span style="color:#333333;"><projectxmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>org.o7planning</groupId><artifactId>SpringMVCVelocity</artifactId><packaging>war</packaging><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>SpringMVCVelocity Maven Webapp</name><url>http://maven.apache.org</url><dependencies><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>3.8.1</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><!-- Spring framework START --><!--http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version></dependency><!--http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-web</artifactId><version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version></dependency><!--http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version></dependency><!-- contains: VelocityEngineFactory --><!--http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context-support --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId><version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version></dependency><!-- Spring framework END --><!-- Servlet API --><!--http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api --><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId><version>3.1.0</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><!--http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.velocity/velocity --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.velocity</groupId><artifactId>velocity</artifactId><version>1.7</version></dependency><!--http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.velocity/velocity-tools --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.velocity</groupId><artifactId>velocity-tools</artifactId><version>2.0</version></dependency></dependencies><build><finalName>SpringMVCVelocity</finalName><plugins><!-- Config: Maven Tomcat Plugin --><!--http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat.maven/tomcat7-maven-plugin --><plugin><groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId><artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>2.2</version><!-- Config: contextPath and Port (Default - /SpringMVCVelocity : 8080) --><!--<configuration><path>/</path><port>8899</port></configuration>-->   </plugin></plugins></build>   </project></span>

4- Configure Spring

web.xml

<web-appid="WebApp_ID"version="2.4"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2eehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"><display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name><servlet><servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet>   <servlet-mapping><servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><!-- Other XML Configuration --><!-- Load by Spring ContextLoaderListener --><context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>/WEB-INF/root-context.xml,/WEB-INF/spring-mvc-servlet.xml</param-value></context-param><!-- Spring ContextLoaderListener --><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener></web-app>

spring-mvc-servlet.xml

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvchttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd"><!-- Register the annotated components in the container eg : annotated controllers --><context:component-scanbase-package="org.o7planning.tutorial.springmvcvelocity.*"/><!-- Tell the container that we are going to use annotations --><context:annotation-config/><beanid="velocityConfig"class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityConfigurer"><propertyname="resourceLoaderPath"><value>/</value></property></bean><beanid="viewResolver"class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityLayoutViewResolver"><propertyname="cache"value="true"/><propertyname="prefix"value="/WEB-INF/views/"/><propertyname="layoutUrl"value="/WEB-INF/layouts/layout.vm"/><propertyname="suffix"value=".vm"/></bean></beans>

root-context.xml

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><!-- Empty --></beans>

5- Views

/WEB-INF/fragments/_header.vm

<divstyle="background: #E0E0E0; height: 80px; padding: 5px;"><divstyle="float: left"><h1>My Site</h1></div><divstyle="float: right; padding: 10px;">Search <inputname="search"></div>
</div>

/WEB-INF/fragments/_footer.vm

<divstyle="background: #E0E0E0; text-align: center; padding: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">@Copyright mysite.com
</div>

/WEB-INF/layouts/layout.vm

<html>
<head><title>Spring & Velocity</title> 
</head>
<body><div>#parse("/WEB-INF/fragments/_header.vm")</div><div><!-- View abc.vm is inserted here --><!-- Noi dung View abc.vm se duoc tren tai day -->   $screen_content</div><div>#parse("/WEB-INF/fragments/_footer.vm")</div>
</body>
</html>

The $screen_content variable is used by the VelocityLayoutViewResolver to include the result of an other VM in the layout

/WEB-INF/views/index.vm

<h1>Index</h1><h2>Department list</h2>
<tableborder="1">
<tr><th>Dept No</th><th>Dept Name</th>
</tr>
#foreach($dept in $departments)<tr><td>$dept.deptNo</td><td>$dept.deptName</td></tr>
#end
</table>

6- Java Classes

Department.java

package org.o7planning.tutorial.springmvcvelocity.model;public class Department {private Integer deptId;private String deptNo;private String deptName;private String location;public Department() {}public Department(Integer deptId, String deptName, String location) {this.deptId = deptId;this.deptNo = "D" + deptId;this.deptName = deptName;this.location = location;}public Integer getDeptId() {return deptId;}public void setDeptId(Integer deptId) {this.deptId = deptId;}public String getDeptNo() {return deptNo;}public void setDeptNo(String deptNo) {this.deptNo = deptNo;}public String getDeptName() {return deptName;}public void setDeptName(String deptName) {this.deptName = deptName;}public String getLocation() {return location;}public void setLocation(String location) {this.location = location;}
}

DepartmentService.java

package org.o7planning.tutorial.springmvcvelocity.model;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Service
public class DepartmentService {public List<Department> listDepartment() {List<Department> list = new ArrayList<Department>();list.add(new Department(1, "Operations", "Chicago"));list.add(new Department(2, "HR", "Hanoi"));return list;}
}

The classes annotated by @Controller or @Service be regarded as the Bean, and Spring will automatically inject dependencies in the Field annotated by @Autowired annotation.

MainController.java

package org.o7planning.tutorial.springmvcvelocity.controller;import java.util.List;import org.o7planning.tutorial.springmvcvelocity.model.Department;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.springmvcvelocity.model.DepartmentService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;@Controller
public class MainController {@Autowiredprivate DepartmentService deptService;@RequestMapping(value = { "/", "/welcome" }, method = RequestMethod.GET)public String welcomePage(Model model) {List<Department> list = deptService.listDepartment();model.addAttribute("departments", list);return "index";}
}