本文主要是介绍Spring Cloud(Finchley.RCI) (四) Spring Cloud创建服务消费者(Ribbon)，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
在微服务架构中, 业务都会被拆分成一个独立的服务, 服务与服务的通讯是基于http restful的, Spring Cloud有两种服务调用方式, 一种是ribbon+restTemplate, 另一种是feign.
Ribbon简介
Ribbon是一个负载均衡客户端, 可以很好的控制http和tcp的一些行为。
准备工作
启动服务提供者, 端口号为: 8762
修改配置文件的端口号为: 8763, 启动后再Eureka中会注册两个实例, 相当于一个小集群
创建服务消费者
创建一个工程名为: hello-spring-cloud-web-admin-ribbon的服务消费者项目, pol.xml配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>com.funtl</groupId><artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version><relativePath>../hello-spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath></parent><artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-web-admin-ribbon</artifactId><packaging>jar</packaging><name>hello-spring-cloud-web-admin-ribbon</name><url>http://www.funtl.com</url><inceptionYear>2018-Now</inceptionYear><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>net.sourceforge.nekohtml</groupId><artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><configuration><mainClass>com.funtl.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.ribbon.WebAdminRibbonApplication</mainClass></configuration></plugin></plugins></build>
</project>
主要是增加了Ribbon的依赖
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
Application
通过@EnableDiscoveryClient注解注册到服务中心
package com.funtl.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.ribbon;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class WebAdminRibbonApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(WebAdminRibbonApplication.class, args);}application.yml
设置程序端口号为: 8764
spring:application:name: hello-spring-cloud-web-admin-ribbonthymeleaf:cache: falsemode: LEGACYHTML5encoding: UTF-8servlet:content-type: text/html
server:port: 8764
eureka:client:serviceUrl:defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
Configuration
配置注入RestTemplate的Bean, 并通过@LoadBalanced注解表明开启负载均衡功能
package com.funtl.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.ribbon.config;import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfiguration {@Bean@LoadBalancedpublic RestTemplate restTemplate(){return new RestTemplate();}
}
创建测试用的Service
package com.funtl.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.ribbon.service;import com.netflix.discovery.converters.Auto;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@Service
public class AdminService {@Autowiredprivate RestTemplate restTemplate;public String sayHi(String message){return restTemplate.getForObject("http://hello-spring-cloud-service-admin/hi?message="+message, String.class);}
}
创建测试用的Controller
package com.funtl.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.ribbon.controller;import com.funtl.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.ribbon.service.AdminService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
public class AdminController {@Autowiredprivate AdminService adminService;@RequestMapping(value="hi", method= RequestMethod.GET)public String sayHi(String message){return adminService.sayHi(message);}
}测试访问
在浏览器上多次访问http://localhost:8764/hi?message=HelloRibbon
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