本文主要是介绍时隔1年，我终于弄懂了Java 中的 AOP操作，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
1. AOP概述
2. AOP快速入门
依赖：
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId><version>${spring-boot.version}</version></dependency>示例:记录方法的执行耗时
创建一个aop类:（在执行com.etc.aoptest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl类下否方法时就会进行环绕通知）
package com.etc.aoptest.aop;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Slf4j
@Component
@Aspect
public class TimeAspect {@Around("execution(* com.etc.aoptest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.*(..))")public Object recordTime(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable{long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();Object result = joinPoint.proceed();long end = System.currentTimeMillis();log.info(joinPoint.getSignature() + "方法执行耗时: {}ms",end - begin);return result;}}
3. AOP的核心概念
4. AOP通知类型
创建一个aop类用于测试AOP通知类型
package com.etc.aoptest.aop;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Slf4j
@Component
@Aspect
public class AspectType {//环绕通知，目标方法前后都被执行@Around("execution(* com.etc.aoptest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.*(..)) ")public void around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {log.info("方法执行前..................................");Object result = joinPoint.proceed();log.info("方法执行后..................................");}//环绕前通知@Before("execution(* com.etc.aoptest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.*(..)) ")public void before() {log.info("before通知..................................");}//环绕后通知@After("execution(* com.etc.aoptest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.*(..)) ")public void after() {log.info("after通知..................................");}//返回后通知@AfterReturning("execution(* com.etc.aoptest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.*(..)) ")public void afterReturning() {log.info("afterReturning通知..................................");}//异常后通知@AfterThrowing("execution(* com.etc.aoptest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.*(..)) ")public void afterThrowing(){log.info("afterThrowing通知..................................");}}
可以通过@Pointcut简化冗余切面点表达式
修改后如下所示：
package com.etc.aoptest.aop;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Slf4j
@Component
@Aspect
public class AspectType {@Pointcut("execution(* com.etc.aoptest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.*(..)) ")private void pt(){};//环绕通知，目标方法前后都被执行//@Around("execution(* com.etc.aoptest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.*(..)) ")@Around("pt()")public void around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {log.info("方法执行前..................................");Object result = joinPoint.proceed();log.info("方法执行后..................................");}//环绕前通知//@Before("execution(* com.etc.aoptest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.*(..)) ")@Before("pt()")public void before() {log.info("before通知..................................");}//环绕后通知//@After("execution(* com.etc.aoptest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.*(..)) ")@After("pt()")public void after() {log.info("after通知..................................");}//返回后通知//@AfterReturning("execution(* com.etc.aoptest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.*(..)) ")@AfterReturning("pt()")public void afterReturning() {log.info("afterReturning通知..................................");}//异常后通知//@AfterThrowing("execution(* com.etc.aoptest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.*(..)) ")@AfterThrowing("pt()")public void afterThrowing(){log.info("afterThrowing通知..................................");}}
其他aop类也可以引入当前aop类的切面点表达式
不过需要将private void pt()修改为public void pt();
示例：
package com.etc.aoptest.aop;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Slf4j
@Component
@Aspect
public class TimeAspect {//@Around("execution(* com.etc.aoptest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.*(..))")@Around("com.etc.aoptest.aop.AspectType.pt()")public Object recordTime(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable{long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();Object result = joinPoint.proceed();long end = System.currentTimeMillis();log.info(joinPoint.getSignature() + "方法执行耗时: {}ms",end - begin);return result;}}
5. AOP执行顺序
6. AOP切入点表达式
7. AOP多个切入点表达式 @Annotation
这样就无需写表达式，只需要写在对应的方法上加上自定义的注解，这时Annotation就会通过对应的注解切入点表达式。
示例：
步骤一
首先在一个log包内创建UserLog自定义注解
UserLog:
package com.etc.aoptest.log;import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) //运行时生效
@Target(ElementType.METHOD) //标识方法
public @interface UserLog {}
步骤二
aop包下创建AnnoAspect 用于AOP注入时实现的环绕通知
package com.etc.aoptest.aop;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Slf4j
@Component
@Aspect
public class AnnoAspect {@Pointcut("@annotation(com.etc.aoptest.log.UserLog)")private void pt(){}@Around("pt()")public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {log.info("UserLog-方法执行前..................................");Object result = joinPoint.proceed();log.info("UserLog-方法执行后..................................");return result;}}
步骤三
在所注入AOP的方法上加上自定义注解名@UserLog
package com.etc.aoptest.controller;import com.etc.aoptest.log.UserLog;
import com.etc.aoptest.pojo.User;
import com.etc.aoptest.service.IUserService;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.List;@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class UserController {private final IUserService userService;@UserLog@RequestMapping("/getList")public List<User> getList(){return userService.getList();}@UserLog@RequestMapping("/{id}")public User getById(@PathVariable Long id){return userService.getById(id);}}
8. AOP连接点
通过JoinPoint来获取方法执行时的相关信息，只有环绕通知使用ProceedingJoinPoint来获取相关信息而另外四种AOP通知类型则通过JoinPoint来获取相关信息。
9. AOP实战演练（操作日志表）
要求：实现操作日志表，记录对数据库的增删改查操作的日志。
步骤一
先创建一个记录日志表实体并创建该数据库
pojo.OperateLog：
package com.etc.aoptest.pojo;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableField;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
import lombok.Data;import java.time.LocalDateTime;@Data
@TableName("tb_operate_log")
public class OperateLog {@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)private Long id;//操作者ID@TableField("operate_Id")private Long operateId;//类名@TableField("class_name")private String className;//方法名@TableField("method_name")private String methodName;//方法参数@TableField("method_params")private String methodParams;//返回结果@TableField("return_value")private String returnValue;//操作耗时@TableField("cost_time")private Long costTime;//操作时间@TableField("operate_time")private LocalDateTime operateTime;
}
anno.Log:
package com.etc.aoptest.log;import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface Log {
}
步骤二
编写AOP操作，用于在执行该方法时进行环绕通知操作，使用ProceedingJoinPoint获取执行方法的相关信息存入OperateLog数据库中
package com.etc.aoptest.aop;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.etc.aoptest.mapper.OperateLogMapper;
import com.etc.aoptest.pojo.OperateLog;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.Arrays;@Component
@Aspect
@RequiredArgsConstructor
@Slf4j
public class LogAspect {private final OperateLogMapper operateLogMapper;@Around("@annotation(com.etc.aoptest.log.Log)")public Object recordLog(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable{//TODO 1.通过HttpServletRequest获取token值通过JWT解析获取当前用户id 或者 2.通过ThreadLocal获取当前用户idLong operateId = 1L;//类名String className = joinPoint.getTarget().getClass().getName();//方法名String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();//方法参数String methodParams = Arrays.toString(args);Long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();Object result = joinPoint.proceed();Long end = System.currentTimeMillis();//方法返回值String returnValue = JSONObject.toJSONString(result);//操作耗时Long costTime = end - begin;OperateLog operateLog = new OperateLog(null,operateId,className,methodName,methodParams,returnValue,costTime,LocalDateTime.now());operateLogMapper.insert(operateLog);log.info("AOP记录日志操作:{}",operateLog);return result;}
}
步骤三
对于要进行AOP切入的方法前加上自定义的@Log注解
package com.etc.aoptest.controller;import com.etc.aoptest.log.Log;
import com.etc.aoptest.pojo.User;
import com.etc.aoptest.service.IUserService;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.List;@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class UserController {private final IUserService userService;@Log@RequestMapping("/getList")public List<User> getList(){return userService.getList();}@Log@RequestMapping("/{id}")public User getById(@PathVariable Long id){return userService.getById(id);}}
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