基于Netty实现安全认证的WebSocket（wss）服务端

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1.Netty服务端

服务端代码参考【基于Netty实现WebSocket服务端-CSDN博客】中的第一种简单方式。

新增如下逻辑：添加SSLHandler

SSLContext sslContext = SslUtil.createSSLContext("JKS","D:\\workSpace\\daydayup\\cert\\wss2\\mystore.jks", "1234567");// SSLEngine 此类允许使用ssl安全套接层协议进行安全通信SSLEngine engine = sslContext.createSSLEngine();engine.setUseClientMode(false);pipeline.addLast(new SslHandler(engine)); // 设置SSL

完整的服务端代码如下：

import com.huawei.websocket.nio.MyTextWebSocketFrameHandler;
import com.huawei.websocket.wss.wss2.SslUtil;import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerProtocolHandler;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslHandler;
import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngine;/**** 实现长链接 客户端与服务端；*/
public class SimpleWssChatServer {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);EventLoopGroup workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();try {ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup, workGroup).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class).// 在 bossGroup 增加一个日志处理器handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO)).childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {@Overrideprotected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline();SSLContext sslContext = SslUtil.createSSLContext("JKS","D:\\workSpace\\daydayup\\cert\\wss2\\mystore.jks", "1234567");// SSLEngine 此类允许使用ssl安全套接层协议进行安全通信SSLEngine engine = sslContext.createSSLEngine();engine.setUseClientMode(false);pipeline.addLast(new SslHandler(engine)); // 设置SSL// 基于http协议的长连接 需要使用http协议的解码 编码器pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());// 以块的方式处理pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());/*** http数据传输过程中是分段， HttpObjectAggregator 将多个段聚合起来* 当浏览器发起大量数据的时候，会发起多次http请求*/pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8192));/*** 对于websocket是以frame的形式传递* WebSocketFrame*  浏览器 ws://localhost:7000/ 不在是http协议*  WebSocketServerProtocolHandler 将http协议升级为ws协议 即保持长链接*/pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/helloWs"));// 自定义handler专门处理浏览器请求pipeline.addLast(new MyTextWebSocketFrameHandler());}});ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(7070).sync();channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();} finally {bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();workGroup.shutdownGracefully();}}
}

2.使用jdk工具keytool生成证书

证书处理步骤如下，缺一不可

#2.1生成秘钥对
keytool -genkey -alias server2 -keyalg RSA -validity 365 -keystore D:\workSpace\daydayup\cert\wss2\mystore.jks -storepass 1234567

#2.2导入证书
keytool  -alias server2 -exportcert  -keystore D:\workSpace\daydayup\cert\wss2\mystore.jks -file D:\workSpace\daydayup\cert\wss2\mystore.cer -storepass 1234567
#2.3信任证书

双机上面生成的证书文件mystore.cer，

可以看到证书此时不受信任，点击【安装证书】

选择存储位置为【本地计算机】后，

 选择证书存储为【受信任的根证书颁发机构】，完成即可。

再次双击原证书，可以看到证书已经受信任了

3.使用JavaScript客户端进行测试：

JavaScript客户端代码，也是和 【基于Netty实现WebSocket服务端-CSDN博客】中基本一样，只是把服务端地址的协议头修改为wss。

socket = new WebSocket("wss://localhost:7070/helloWs");

启动服务端，然后启动客户端，连接和接发数据都正常。

windows下的wss访问到此就可以拉。

4.下面列一些在开发过程中遇到的问题：

4.1生成mystore.jks后，不导入证书，直接启动服务端使用；

或者导入证书后不手动信任，客户端进行连接时候，会报错

io.netty.handler.codec.DecoderException: javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: Received fatal alert: certificate_unknownat io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.callDecode(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:459)at io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.channelRead(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:265)at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:362)at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:348)at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.fireChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:340)at io.netty.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline$HeadContext.channelRead(DefaultChannelPipeline.java:1359)at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:362)at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:348)at io.netty.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline.fireChannelRead(DefaultChannelPipeline.java:935)at io.netty.channel.nio.AbstractNioByteChannel$NioByteUnsafe.read(AbstractNioByteChannel.java:138)at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.processSelectedKey(NioEventLoop.java:645)at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.processSelectedKeysPlain(NioEventLoop.java:545)at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.processSelectedKeys(NioEventLoop.java:499)at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.run(NioEventLoop.java:459)at io.netty.util.concurrent.SingleThreadEventExecutor$5.run(SingleThreadEventExecutor.java:858)at io.netty.util.concurrent.DefaultThreadFactory$DefaultRunnableDecorator.run(DefaultThreadFactory.java:138)at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:833)
Caused by: javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: Received fatal alert: certificate_unknownat java.base/sun.security.ssl.Alert.createSSLException(Alert.java:131)at java.base/sun.security.ssl.Alert.createSSLException(Alert.java:117)at java.base/sun.security.ssl.TransportContext.fatal(TransportContext.java:365)at java.base/sun.security.ssl.Alert$AlertConsumer.consume(Alert.java:293)at java.base/sun.security.ssl.TransportContext.dispatch(TransportContext.java:204)at java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLTransport.decode(SSLTransport.java:172)at java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLEngineImpl.decode(SSLEngineImpl.java:736)at java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLEngineImpl.readRecord(SSLEngineImpl.java:691)at java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLEngineImpl.unwrap(SSLEngineImpl.java:506)at java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLEngineImpl.unwrap(SSLEngineImpl.java:482)at java.base/javax.net.ssl.SSLEngine.unwrap(SSLEngine.java:679)at io.netty.handler.ssl.SslHandler$SslEngineType$3.unwrap(SslHandler.java:292)at io.netty.handler.ssl.SslHandler.unwrap(SslHandler.java:1247)at io.netty.handler.ssl.SslHandler.decodeJdkCompatible(SslHandler.java:1158)at io.netty.handler.ssl.SslHandler.decode(SslHandler.java:1193)at io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.decodeRemovalReentryProtection(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:489)at io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.callDecode(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:428)... 16 more

4.2 客户端连接服务端的地中，协议头还是ws

异常发生：io.netty.handler.ssl.NotSslRecordException: not an SSL/TLS record: 

参考：netty整合websocket支持自签证书出现netty websocket ssl Received fatal alert: certificate_unknown_alert certificate unknown-CSDN博客

netty做服务端支持ssl协议实现websocket的wss协议（客户端为浏览器）_netty websocket ssl-CSDN博客

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